Understanding Menopause
Menopause is one of the major changes that happen in
a woman’s life. It begins when ovaries start making less estrogen
and progesterone causing certain processes in the body to go haywire.
Doctors define menopause as the time after 12 months
have passed since the woman’s last period. It is a biological
process, not a medical illness, which involves a process of change -
physically, emotionally, psychosocially, sexually, and even spiritually.
Every woman experience menopause differently. Though
menopause mostly occurs between the ages of 50 and 51, it can start
anywhere from their 30’s and to some, not until their 60’s.
The hormonal changes that occur at menopause and the
years preceding it can cause a variety of symptoms. Symptoms vary among
women, and these include:
· Irregular menstruation. Women
experience irregular periods due to the changing hormone levels. This
may be first clue that menopause is close at hand. Periods may stop
suddenly, or gradually get lighter or heavier and then stop.
· Hot flashes. About 85% of
women experience hot flashes. A hot flash is a warm or flushed sensation
that moves upward from the chest to the shoulders, neck and head. Skin
temperatures rapidly rise and may cause facial redness and sweating.
Hot flashes usually last from 30 seconds to several minutes or longer.
· Decreased fertility. Many
women experience irregular periods due to the changing hormone levels
and the decreased frequency of ovulation (egg release). When ovulation
begins to fluctuate, women are less likely to become pregnant.
· Vaginal changes. The tissues
lining the vagina, vulva and urethra become drier, thinner and less
elastic. With decreased lubrication, women may experience burning, itching
and discomfort during sexual intercourse. There is also an increased
risk of infections to the urinary tract or vagina.
· Emotional/psychological changes. Women
going through menopause may experience mood swings, irritability and
emotional upsets. Aside from hormonal fluctuations, other factors may
also contribute to these changes, including stress, insomnia, and other
life changes.
· Physical appearance. Because
of hormonal changes, women may notice a loss of fullness in the breasts,
thinning hair and wrinkled and dry skin.
· Night sweats and sleep disturbance.
Night sweats are often the result of hot flashes. One may suddenly wake
up at the middle of the night with soaking sweat to be followed by chills.
As a result, sleep deprivation along with its apparent effects is very
likely.
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